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KMID : 0381120140360020229
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Genes and Genomics
2014 Volume.36 No. 2 p.229 ~ p.238
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A new active CACTA element and transposition activity in ecotype differentiation of Arabidopsis
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Park Kyong-Cheul
Park Nam-Il
Lee Sung-Il
Kim Kwang-Soo
Chang Young-Suk
Kim Nam-Soo
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Abstract
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The Arabidopsis genome was mined for whole copies of CACTA and CACTA-like elements and a new active element, AtCAC24024, was isolated. Like the previously identified CAC1 element, the genes encoding transposase (TPase) in AtCAC24024 were expressed in a methylation-defective mutant background, inducing its transposition. The AtCAC24024 element is structurally different from CAC1 in that it has a TPase_24 domain instead of the TPase_23 domain that exists in the TNP-A open reading frame of CAC1. The transposition activity of AtCAC24024 was low compared to CAC1. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that elements with both domains were present in both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants, and originated independently and proliferated separately during plant differentiation. In a joint analysis of transposon display and amplified fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction in various Arabidopsis ecotypes, the CAC1 element showed three transpositions that were followed by random loss during ecotype differentiation, leading to incremental increases in copy number in recent ecotypes. Copy numbers of AtCAC24024 increased explosively in the first differentiation period, followed by random loss during ecotype differentiation. Although transposition might not directly cause ecotype differentiation, the possibility of any direct or indirect involvement still exists in ecotype differentiation by insertion into or excision out of critically functioning genes.
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KEYWORD
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CACTA, Transposable elements, Transposase, Transposon display, Ecotype differentiation
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